Xylan Coated Fasteners

Stud Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Threaded Rod & Washers

Xylan is the largest, most complete line of fluoropolymer coatings in the world. Xylan coatings have a broad range of properties which make them ideal for an infinite variety of applications.
Xylan coatings differ from traditional fluoropolymer coatings in one very important aspect: they are composite materials. Lubricants with the lowest known coefficient of friction are combined in a matrix with the newest high temperature resistant organic polymers. Xylan Coatings offer many benefits for offshore service. These include resistance to corrosion and chemical attack, superb sub- sea visibility, lower maintenance costs and less downtime. United, these polymers form “plastic alloys” with highly beneficial properties :

Xylan Top Coat & Base Coat Corrosion Performance

Grade	Steel	Service	Temperature Range	Base Coat	Thickness	Top Coat	Thickness	Color
ASTM A193 Grade B7 / A194 Grade 2H	Alloy / Carbon Steel	Non-Sour	upto 232°C	Zinc Nickel (12-18% Ni)	8 to 13 µm	XYLAN 1014 XYLAN 1070 XYLAN 1424	20µm ±5µm	Blue, Red, Green
			232°C upto 325°C	Ceramic Xylar-2	25µm ±5µm			Silver
ASTM A193 Grade L7 / A194 Grade 4/7	Alloy Steel	Non-Sour	-45°C upto 232°C	Zinc Nickel (12-18% Ni)	8 to 13 µm			Blue, Red, Green
			232°C upto 325°C	Ceramic Xylar-2	25µm ±5µm			Silver
ASTM A193 Grade B7M / A194 Grade 2HM	Alloy / Carbon Steel	Sour	upto 232°C	Zinc Nickel (12-18% Ni)	8 to 13 µm			Blue, Red, Green
			232°C upto 325°C	Ceramic Xylar-2	25µm ±5µm			Silver
ASTM A193 Grade L7M / A194 Grade 7M	Alloy Steel	Sour	-45°C upto 232°C	Zinc Nickel (12-18% Ni)	8 to 13 µm			Black, Red, Blue, Green
			232°C upto 325°C	Ceramic Xylar-2	25µm ±5µm			Pumpkin Orange, Red, Blue, Green
ASTM A193 Grade B8M Class 2 / A194 Grade 8M	Stainless Steel	ASME 150#-2500# Flanges	-100°C upto 232°C	Degreased / Cleaned	N/A			Red, Blue, Green
ASTM A453 Grade 660 Class B			232°C upto 325°C	Ceramic Xylar-2	25µm ±5µm			Green
ASTM A453 Grade 660 Class D	Stainless Steel	API 5000# Flanges	-100°C upto 232°C	Degreased / Cleaned	N/A			Red, Blue, Green
Zeron 100 FG - ASTM A276 UNS S32760 Condition S	Super Duplex Steel	API 5000# Flanges	-46°C upto 232°C	Degreased / Cleaned	N/A			Red, Blue, Green
Alloy 925	Nickel Alloy	Non-Sour	-100°C upto 232°C	Degreased / Cleaned	N/A			Red, Blue, Green

Xylan Properties

Uniform Torque

Fluoropolymer coatings have the lowest coefficient of friction of all known fastener coatings, which requires that “makeup torque” specification be adjusted to compensate.
Many factors affect the determination of the ideal torque value to achieve recommended clamping loads (K-factor). The coefficient of friction (CoF) is only one. The K (or nut) factor varies, since it is the net effect of many variables such as type of fastener, thread, thread angle, type of pretreatment, etc. It would be inappropriate for Whitford to offer K-factor information when Xylan is only one of the many variables involved. The same lot of Xylan 1424 applied to different types of fasteners can result in a reduction of makeup torque from 30 all the way to 70 percent, caused by the differences in fasteners. Note: Makeup torque will not vary on fasteners of the same size and make.
Every bolted joint is unique, and the optimum tightening torque should be determined for each by careful testing. A properly tightened bolt is stretched so that it acts like a rigid spring, pulling the mating surfaces together. Whitford recommends a direct-tension (load-cell) study for every size and type of fastener you are using, routine practice in the construction industry.

Physical & Chemical Properties

Corrosion comes in many forms: atmospheric, galvanic, chemical, fretting, salt-fog, etc.
Stainless steel needs oxygen to provide an oxide layer that inhibits corrosion. So it would not be fair to compare Xylan to stainless steel in an ASTM B-117 salt-fog test when the end use is buried in hot soil. Of course stainless steel will outperform Xylan in the salt-fog test, although Xylan will outperform stainless steel when buried in hot soil.
In coastal environments, stainless steel is susceptible to chloride-induced stress-corrosion cracking (chemical corrosion). Xylancoated carbon-steel bolts are not affected by chlorides.
Stainless-steel fasteners also gall and seize. It is common knowledge that stainless-steel fasteners need to be retorqued after 24 hours due to galling, losing up to 40% of their clamping force in 24 hours. But Xylan-coated carbonsteel fasteners reach the required clamp load on the first makeup.
When stainless steel is combined with dissimilar metals, galvanic corrosion results. Xylancoated carbon steel in combination with any alloy does not lead to galvanic corrosion.
Perhaps the most striking difference of all is that stainless-steel fasteners can cost twice as much as Xylan-coated carbon-steel fasteners.

1014 VS 1400 VS 1424 Chemical Resistance

Chemical	Xylan 1014	Xylan 1400	Xylan 1424
HCl (concentrated) at room temperature	Severe blisters, rust	Severe blisters, rust	No effect
HCl (pH 2) at room temperature	Slight marks	Slight marks	No effect
HCl (pH 2) at 125 ̊F (1)	Slight marks	Slight marks	No effect
NaOH (50%) at room temperature	Severe failure, blisters	No effect	No effect
NaOH (pH 12.5) (1)	Severe failure, blisters	No effect	No effect
NaOH (pH 9.5) at 125 ̊F (1)	Slight marks	Very slight marks	No effect
NaOH (pH 9.5) at 125˚F	Slight marks	Slight marks	Slight marks
MEK at room temperature	Slight marks	Slight marks	Slight marks
Toluene at room temperature	Slight marks	Slight marks	Slight marks
Ethylene glycol at room temperature	No effect	No effect	No effect
Salt spray for 1488 hours	20% red rust, adhesion loss	e1d5g%e rbelids treursitn, gdense	<15% red rust
Kesternich	4 cycles, 20+%, red rust, adhesion loss	r3u0s tc, ybclliesst,e r1in%g red	30 cycles, <15% red rust
Castrol Hydraulic Fluid at 200˚F	Not recommended	nGloo lsoss sd ienc rceoaastien,g	Gloss decrease, no loss in coating integrity
W. Canning Oceanic HK-540 at 200˚F (1) = 24-hour chemical spot tests (ASTM D1308-79) (2) = Immersion tests	Not recommended	Gloss decrease, no loss in coating integrity, slight color lightening	Gloss decrease, no loss in coating integrity, slight color lightening

Xylan Physical properties

Property	Units	Value
Tensile strength	psi	2,000 to 4,000
Elongation	%	35 to 50
Water absorption Service temperature	%	0.03
Continuous	˚F/˚C	500/260
Intermittent	˚F/˚C	550/285
Pencil hardness		H to 6H
Dielectric strength	v mil	1,200 to 2,000
Coefficient of friction Wear resistance (K-factor)	cu. in.- min.x 1010/1 lb. - ft. - hr.	0.02 to 0.10
		6 to 8

Corrosion resistance

The data presented below are intended to be used only as a guide. Your choice of Xylan coating must be subjected to your test procedures prior to its use in any chemical environment. All tests were conducted at room temperature except as noted. All test results assume a pinhole-free coating film.

Chemical	Concentration %	Hours	Effect
Water
Deionized - boiling	100	1000	None
Salt (immersed)	30	4000	None
Salt (spray)	5	1000	None
Tap 250 ̊F/120 ̊C @10,000 psi	100	24	None
Acids
Hydrochloric	36	24	None
Hydrochloric	15	150	Slight
Hydrochloric	2 pH	300	None
Hydrochloric
(125 ̊F/50 ̊C)	2 pH	300	None
Sulfuric	25	1500	None
Nitric	35	24	None
Picric Base	Saturated solution	120	None
Caustic	2	24	None
Caustic	100	336	Slight
Caustic	12.5 pH	150	Slight
Caustic	9.5 pH	300	None
Caustic (125 ̊F/50 ̊C)	9.5 pH	300	Slight
Solvents
Acetone	100	1500	None
Benzene	100	1500	None
DMAC	100	1500	None
Ethanol	100	1500	None
Fluorocarbons
(12, 22, 113)	100	1500	None
M.E.K.	100	120	None
Methanol	100	1500	None
Methylene Chloride	100	1500	None
Perchlorethylene	100	1500	None
Phenol	5	120	None
Toluene	100	120	None
Xylene	100	1500	None
Other fluids
Skydrol (hydraulic fluid)	100	1500	None
JP-4 (jet fuel)	100	1500	None
Brake fluid (auto)	100	1500	None
H O + gas at 250 ̊F/2	79% CH ,6%4	24	None
CO215% H2AcidsS

Coefficient of Friction

Cf is a term much misunderstood and depends upon many factors including pressure, speed and temperature. The friction of Xylan coatings is relatively constant over a range of increasing pressure from 0.2 psi to 400,000 psi and from liquid hydrogen temperatures of -420° to +550°F (-250° to 285°C). As speed increases, the Cf increases but remains well below (better than) the values of other dry-film lubricants. Because of the film transfer of PTFE from coating to mating part, frictional values are similar for all mating materials as long as the surface finish is 50rms or better (smoother). Frictional oscillation (stick-slip, chatter) is virtually nonexistent. It is this ability to perform uniformly over a wide range of conditions that distinguishes these coatings from other dry-film lubricants.

Xylan Coated Fastener Grade Comparison

Topcoats can be used with a variety of pre-treatments and primers to achieve varying levels of corrosion performance >5000 hours ASTM B117 salt spray resistance.

• Xylan 1070 : Organic solvent based, low friction coating for fasteners. Normally used over a range of pre-treatments or primers which can provide over 5000 hours of salt spray resistance.
• Xylan 1400 : Organic solvent based, tough coating offering excellent protection against corrosion caused by road salt, acid rain and other forms of environmental corrosion.
• Xylan 1424 : Aqueous based, resin bonded dry film lubricant coating primarily formulated to prevent corrosion and facilitate make-up torque on fasteners.
• Xylar : A range of ceramic metallic coatings which provide superb corrosion performance and excellent chemical and abrasion resistance at extreme temperature

Coefficient of Friction

Product	Zn Phos.	Zn Plate	Zn Ni Plate	Xylar*
Xylan 1070	>500hrs	>1500hrs	>3000hrs	>5000hrs
Xylan 1400	>1500hrs	>2500hrs	>4000hrs	>5000hrs
Xylan 1424	>1500hrs	>2500hrs	>4000hrs	>5000hrs

For application follow Whitford guidelines - use a capable or Whitford recommended applicator *Data based on 0%RR (Industry standard failure = 15%RR)

Test	ASTM	Xylan 1070	Xylan 1400	Xylan 1424	Xylar
Dry-Film Thickness	D1186	15-25 µm / 0.6-1.0 mils
Adhesion	D3359	>3B	>3B	>3B	>3B
Film Hardness	D3363	2H - 4H	2H - 3H	2H - 3H	>3H
Coefficient of Friction	G99	0.05 to 0.12	-	0.05 to 0.09	0.11 to 0.13
Working Temp. Range	-	-195°C to +260°C	-50°C to +190°C	-50°C to +175°C	-40°C to +535°C
Impact	D2794	Pass	Pass	Pass	N/A

Xylan Coating Options

1000 Series

1014 and 1070 were the first Xylan fastener coatings, introduced in the mid-1970s and still going strong. They provide outstanding lubrication for predictable makeup and break-out torque, and they have outstanding chemical resistance. Another advantage: They tolerate temperatures from -425˚F/-255˚C to +550˚F/+290˚C continuously. Xylan 1070 has added corrosion inhibitors.

1400 Series

The 1400 series is the hand-spray version of the Xylan 5000 series dip/spin products (more on these later). The 1400 series does not have quite the wide temperature range of the 1000 series, although they have nearly three times the corrosion resistance applied over any given pretreatment. Xylan 1400 series coatings can be made in any color, including white. They also have better chemical resistance to bases than the 1000 series. Xylan 1400 series reaches complete cure at 400˚F/205˚C, ideal for most coating operations. Xylan 1400 series coatings work best for onetime installations, where the fastener will be coated, installed, and left alone.

142X Series

Xylan 1424 and 1427 are the environmentally friendlier combination of the 1000 and 1400 series coatings, combining the best of both. Xylan 142X coatings have all the chemical resistance of the 1400 series with the lubricant levels of the 1000 series products. However, the 142X series products do not have the wide temperature range, performing best between -40˚F/-40˚C to +350˚F/+175˚C.

5000 Series

These have all the attributes of their handspray cousins, except that they are formulated for application via dip/spin equipment. Xylan 5000 series products are specified for fasteners by the major automotive companies, building constructors and appliance manufacturers.

Xylan Coated Fasteners Surface Preparation

Xylan coatings (or any thin-film coating) cannot by themselves provide complete corrosion protection. For maximum performance, primers or pretreatments are required. The best are:

• Microcrystalline, heat-stable zinc or manganese phosphate conversion coating
• Xylan 4000 Series primers (ask Whitford)
• Commercial plating, zinc, cadmium and aluminum pretreatments
• Xylar 2 or P51 (ceramic metallics)

Types of Corrosion-Mitigating Coatings

These fall into three common categories, all of which Whitford offers: barrier, inhibitive and sacrificial.
A barrier coating stands between the metal fastener and the environment. This is usually an organic coating with fillers that help stop moisture or vapor from permeating the film to the metal and becoming an electrolyte.
An inhibitive coating is usually an organic coating with corrosion inhibitors, such as zinc phosphates, chromates, and many more. In addition to acting as barriers, they help prevent corrosion by using pigments that provide an inhibitive effect, reacting with the absorbed moisture in the coating, then reacting with the steel to passivate it and decrease its corrosive characteristics.
A sacrificial coating is usually a metal or inorganic coating containing metal particles (often zinc). If the coating is damaged, they act as a sacrificial anode and corrode to protect the steel substrate, sacrificing themselves by galvanic action. These can also be electroplated like zinc or cadmium

Xylan Grades and Their Features

Product	Comments/Uses	Low Friction	Corrosion Resist.	Abrasion Resist.	Thickness	Cure Temp. °C/#mins (PMT)	Working Temperature
Xylan 1010	Dry-film lubricant for any wear surface to reduce friction, prevent scoring and galling, and provide secondary lubrication in the event of failure of the primary (conventional) lubricant. In addition to its low coefficient of friction (0.02-0.10), Xylan 1010 has good release properties, good chemical and abrasion resistance, and operates at temperatures up to 500 ̊F/260 ̊C continuous (550 ̊F/285 ̊C intermittent).	10	4	3	20 ± 5 m	220-345/ 20-5min	-195°C to +260°C
Xylan 1014	Similar to Xylan 1010, but with significantly more bonding resin relative to its content of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lubricant. This provides a finish that is harder, more abrasion-resistant, glossier and less porous. Friction values remain low and predictable.	8	5	4	20 ± 5 m	220-345/ 20-5min	-195°C to +260°C
Xylan 1052	Dry-film lubricant formulated with PTFE and MoS2 for high-pressure, low-speed wear applications. Its unique chemistry provides dependable, bonded lubrication for bearing surfaces subjected to extreme pressures of up to 10,500 kg/cm2 (150,000 psi). Xylan 1052 operates at temperatures up to 500 ̊F/260 ̊C continuous (550 ̊F/285 ̊C intermittent).	6	4	4	15 ± 5 m	220-345/ 20-5min	-195°C to +260°C
Xylan 1070	Highly corrosion-resistant, low-friction coating designed to reduce make-up and break-out torque, even after prolonged exposure to corrosive environments. Xylan 1070 also offers good wear and abrasion resistance.	8	6	4	20 ± 5 m	220-345/ 20-5min	-195°C to +260°C
Xylan 1212	Waterborne thin-film barrier coating with excellent corrosion resistance, ideal where tolerance is critical and lubrication unnecessary.	NNS	8	4	20 ± 5 m	175-205/ 60-15min	-20°C to +180°C
Xylan 1213	Waterborne, dry-film lubricant designed for high-pressure/low-speed applications. When combined with Xylan 1212 offers good corrosion and abrasion resistance.	8	6	4	17.5 ± 2.5 m	205-275/ 10-5min	-20°C to +180°C
Xylan 1270(1400)	A low-cost alternative to Xylan 1070 (1424), but with less lubrication. For fasteners where reduced makeup torque is not necessary.	5	7	3	20 ± 5 m	180-260/ 30-5min	-50°C to +200°C
Xylan 1311	Similar to Xylan 1331 with less PTFE. Use when abrasion resistance is more important than lubrication and/or nonwetting properties. Considered an economical single-film coating.	NNS	9	8	22.5 ± 2.5 m	375-400/ 15-5min	-20°C to +230°C
Xylan 1331	Dry-film lubricant with PPS and PTFE for outstanding wear/abrasion resistance. The high percentage of PTFE provides a lubricious, nonstick surface. This resin-bonded coating has excellent corrosion and chemical resistance and is virtually unaffected by any solvents up to 205 ̊C (400 ̊F).	NNS	9	6	22.5 ± 2.5 m	375-400/ 15-5min	-20°C to +230°C
Xylan 1424	Waterborne/VOC-compliant, highly corrosion-resistant, dry-film lubricant designed for use on any mating surface requiring lubrication. Xylan 1424 reduces make-up and break-out torque and also offers excellent chemical and abrasion resistance. Similar to Xylan 1014.	8	8	4	17.5 ± 2.5 m	205-275/ 15-5min	-20°C to +180°C
Xylan 1425	Waterborne, dry-film lubricant formulated with PTFE and MoS2 specifically for high-pressure, lowspeed wear applications. Its unique chemistry provides dependable, bonded lubrication for bearing surfaces subjected to extreme pressures up to 10,500 kg/cm2 (150,000 psi). Xylan 1425 operates well in harsh chemical environments and at temperatures up to 190 ̊C (375 ̊F). Similar to Xylan 1052.	6	6	4	17.5 ± 2.5 m	205-275/ 15-5min	-20°C to +180°C
Xylan 1427	Waterborne, low-friction, highly corrosion-resistant fastener coating designed to reduce make-up and break-out torque, even after prolonged exposure to corrosive environments. Xylan 1427 also offers excellent chemical, wear and abrasion resistance.	6	8	4	17.5 ± 2.5 m	205-275/ 15-5min	-20°C to +180°C
Xylan 1514	UV-resistant, dry-film lubricant with excellent low friction. Xylan 1514 is designed for highly visible, decorative applications where stain resistance and easy-clean properties are required. This coating also offers some corrosion and abrasion resistance and is considered the most lubricious in the series.ns, light fittings, personal-care products, radomes, I-O drives, etc.	9	3	4	20 ± 5 m	220-275/ 30-5min	-40°C to +220°C
Xylan 1756 over 4289	Multicoat FEP system, typically used for mould release and industrial bakeware.	4	8	3	4289 = 15 ± 3 m 1756 = 15 ± 5 m	375-420/ 10-5min	-195°C to +205°C
Xylan 4090	Optional primer for use under the 1000 series of coatings. Note: clear coating also known as Primer P92	NNS	6	4	20 ± 5 m	220-345/ 20-5min	-195°C to +285°C
Xylan 5110	A waterborne, low-friction, dip-spin coating for applications where a particularly wide operating temperature range is required - up to 260°C (500°F). Xylan 5110 is free of all restricted heavy metals, and is available in a range of colours (excluding light shades). Typical applications include screws and threaded fasteners.	6	2	3	6 ± 1 m	220-315/ 20-5min	-195°C to +265°C
Xylan 5164	A solvent-borne, low-friction, dipspin coating that has particularly good UV resistance. This coating is often used to provide product identification as it is available in a wide range of colours, including white. Xylan 5164 is free of all restricted heavy metals. Typical applications include wood screws and threaded fasteners.	8	3	4	7 ± 1 m	220-275/ 30-5mins	-40°C to +220°C
Xylan 5230	A solvent-borne, controlled-friction dip-spin coating that has been designed particularly for the automotive industry. It offers controlled torque tension coupled with extremely good corrosion resistance and can withstand 240 hours salt-spray when applied over a phosphate pretreatment. This coating also has good resistance to all automotive fuels, lubricants and fluids. Xylan 5230 resists chipping and flaking and is easy to apply.	3	7	3	7 ± 1 m	180-260/ 30-5min	-50°C to +200°C
Xylan 5250	A solvent-borne dip-spin coating with extremely good corrosion resistance and good UV resistance. It is ideal for use in the roofing and appliance industries where general weathering resistance is required, and is available in a range of colours. Typical applications include roofing fasteners, screws, stampings and end-caps.	NNS	7	3	7 ± 1 m	190-220/ 30-10min	-50°C to +200°C
Xylan 5270	A solvent-borne dip-spin coating with excellent corrosion resistance. Similar to Xylan 5230, but without the low-friction properties. Xylan 5270 is available in a range of colours, including white.	3	7	3	7 ± 1 m	180-260/ 30-5min	-50°C to +200°C
Xylan 5420	A waterborne, PTFE-containing dipspin coating with excellent corrosion resistance. This coating can offer low friction and abrasion resitance properties similar to Xylan 5230, but also has improved corrosion resistance, as well as being more environmentally friendly. Xylan 5420 is low in VOCs and is free of all restricted heavy metals. Great for use on small fasteners and hardware.	3	7	3	7 ± 1 m	180-260/ 30-5min	-50°C to +200°C
Xylan 5430	A new generation of protective coatings for small fasteners and hardware. Similar to Xylan 5420 (low VOCs), but with improved UV protection.	3	7	3	7 ± 1 m	180-260/ 30-5min	-50°C to +200°C
Xylan 5611	A solvent-borne, zinc-rich coating that gives sacrificial anodic protection against corrosion. Xylan 5611 offers excellent corrosion and abrasion resistance. It is available in a silver-grey colour, and can also be used as a primer for other Xylan coatings. Xylan 5611 is widely used in the roofing and appliance industries for the bulk application of items such as threaded fasteners, screws, stampings and end-caps.	NNS	8	6	7 ± 1 m	205-220/ 10-5min	-55°C to +175°C